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The essentials of overcurrent protection you are not allowed to forget (types...
Relay protection is nowadays completely digitalized and very sophisticated; there is no doubt about that. But, do electrical engineers really understand what they do when setting parameters and...
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How to shrink three-phase AC high voltage substation and optimize cost and space
Nowadays, when every cent is essential when building a substation, it is imperative to optimize each HV equipment without compromising functionality. This technical article deals with a few solutions...
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Mastering GIS control circuits: AC/DC auxiliary circuits and circuit breaker...
A gas-insulated substation (GIS) is usually utilized in high voltage applications in which all conductive parts are encapsulated in sealed cylinders with SF6 as the insulating medium. The...
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Emergency breaking, stop and isolation intended to eliminate danger as...
As their name indicates, emergency operations are intended to eliminate, as quickly as possible, a danger that occurs unexpectedly. The emergency break is designed to cut off the electrical power,......
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Learn what is inside a modern ATS panel and how to analyze the circuit diagrams
One of the ways to mitigate a successive transfer of power in case of loss of supply, power outage, or scheduled maintenance is the use of a transfer switch. The... Read more The post Learn what is...
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Medium voltage switchgear: Important design considerations and applications
This technical article explains various aspects of the application of medium voltage switchgear and highlights the considerations for the selection of suitable circuit breakers for different...
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The most common type tests required for medium and high voltage switchgear
Let me put the definition of switchgear type tests this way. A switchgear MUST withstand voltage in normal and abnormal conditions and to carry varying load currents during its lifetime.... Read more...
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The most often low-voltage switchboard supply schematics implemented on-site
This technical article is dedicated to several different low voltage switchboard supply schematics often installed on-site. First, we shall look at the several standard LV switchboard supply...
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The most common Gas-Insulated Switchgear (GIS) faults and a case of 220kV CB...
Over decades since its inception, GIS switchgear demand is still prevalent in these present times due to its compact built, reliability, and maintenance advantages compared to conventional...
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Design Knowhow: Low voltage substation layouts, earthing, fire protection and...
The design of a low-voltage substation is a pretty complex and quite exciting job to do. If the designer would have complete freedom to make decisions regarding the substation layout,... Read more The...
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Dos and don’ts in creating operation logic diagrams for LV and MV switchgear...
Dealing with the switchgear operation logic diagrams is like setting the brain functions. It needs vigilance and patience from design engineer supported with hours and hours of testing and...
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Mastering Interlock Logic and Schemes for a Gas-Insulated Substation (132 kV...
As we delve deeper into this article, we will explore the various types of interlocking mechanisms used for Gas-Insulated Substation (GIS), their applications in substations, power plants, and...
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Prepare yourself for successful inspection and testing of MV metal-clad...
This article aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the essential inspection and testing processes, emphasizing their importance in the effective functioning of medium-voltage switchgear. The...
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Fundamental concepts of schematic drawings for true field engineers (hands on...
Schematic drawings, also known as electrical or circuit diagrams, are essential tools for understanding and designing electrical circuits. Mastering schematic drawing is a fundamental skill for field...
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A roadmap for engineers seeking mastery in the language of electrical schematics
In the intricate landscape of electrical engineering, the ability to decipher and interpret schematic drawings is a skill that separates the adept from the novice. This technical article delves...
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Twelve ultimate mistakes when selecting circuit protection for low-voltage...
To be honest, a circuit breaker is fairly simple device. However, the process of specifying circuit protection is often complicated and unclear, leading many engineers to either include insufficient...
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Want to learn to analyze electrical schematics? Great! But first, you must...
This technical article delves into a diverse array of switches and components that are fundamental to the operation and control of electrical systems. Starting with the basics like TURN, PULL,... Read...
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Circuit breaker schematics in a nutshell: Tripping, closing and blocking coil...
This technical article embarks on a comprehensive exploration of various facets of circuit breaker technology, traversing from the fundamental principles of solenoid coils to the sophisticated...
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Intricacies of a breaker pole discrepancy and its implications for substation...
This article delves into the realm of pole discrepancy in high voltage circuit breakers, shedding light on its mechanisms, applications, and the pivotal role it plays in enhancing system...
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Substation Equipment Maintenance: Often Neglected Until Something Big Drops Dead
The aging process starts the moment new substation equipment is put into service; how quickly it happens depends on a number of factors, including the equipment’s use, the environment, the... Read...
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